Blog · EIC Controls
Weather stations and what to measure on site: variables, sensor exposure and how to read official forecasts and bulletins alongside your own series.
AEMET expects an anticyclonic week in Spain, with temperatures above the usual values and little rain, after a September that Copernicus ranks as the third warmest on record in Europe, with drier air than normal. Four official signals and what to measure for each, starting with relative humidity.
The week's four pieces, three of them on what the thermometer does not measure, three European signals with their sources, and what is coming: the Environment Council on 12 October, the September summaries still to be published and the end of summer time on 25 October.
At 45 SIAR network stations in Aragón (2004-2024), ET0 calculated from temperature alone rose at 36, while Penman-Monteith ET0 showed no significant trend at 33 and fell at 12. What this study allows you to conclude about which variables to measure, and what it does not.
On 2 October 2026 Copernicus published its review of the European summer: western Europe averaged a record 41 days of at least ‘strong’ heat stress. The index behind it combines four variables, and a station that logs only air temperature provides one of them.
Global solar radiation and PAR are not the same quantity and are not measured with the same sensor. Which decision needs which, how much the factor that converts one into the other changes with the sky, and what to record before installing.
After an AEMET special warning for a cut-off low, the week stays unsettled across most of Spain and the 2025-2026 hydrological year closes 2% above normal, with sharp regional contrasts. Four official signals and what to check in your own record.
AEMET expects Atlantic fronts bringing rain, especially in the west, and locally heavy Mediterranean showers, after peninsular Spain's third driest summer since 1961. Four official signals and what to measure for each, starting with the soil.
The week in four signals and the tipping-bucket rain gauge guide, three European signals with their sources (Spain's warmest summer since at least 1869, Spanish reservoir storage and the new European Water Academy) and the close of the hydrological year on 30 September.
A tipping-bucket rain gauge loses rain to wind and to its own mechanics, and the second loss grows with intensity. What four peer-reviewed studies say about installation height, dynamic calibration and maintenance.
